| | the not-very-distant past / modern times, excluding recent decades / (in the context of Chinese history) the period from the Opium Wars until the May 4th Movement (mid-19th century to 1919) / capitalist times (pre-1949) | HSK 4 |
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| | major event / major political event (war or change of regime) / major social event (wedding or funeral) / (do sth) in a big way / CL: 件, 樁｜桩 | HSK 5 |
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| | cold war / (fig.) strained relationship / to be barely on speaking terms | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to fight a battle / to go to war | HSK 7-9 |
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| | weapons of war / arms | HSK 7-9 |
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| | South Korea (Republic of Korea) / (historical) Han, one of the Seven Warring States 戰國七雄｜战国七雄 | |
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| | National protection war or Campaign to defend the republic (1915), a rebellion against the installation of Yuan Shikai as emperor | |
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| | to change sides in a war / turncoat | |
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| | The Wars of the Roses (1455-1485) | |
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| | Imjin war, Japanese invasion of Korea 1592-1598 | |
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| | war chariot (archaic) / rook (in Chinese chess) / rook (in chess) | |
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| | the fire of war in all four directions (idiom); the confusion of war | |
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| | Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) | |
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| | war readiness; military preparedness | |
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| | war of resistance, especially the war against Japan (1937-1945) | |
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| | the pro-war faction / hawks | |
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| | cannon firing for days on end (idiom); enveloped in the flames of war | |
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| | Yan and Zhao, two of the Warring States in Hebei and Shanxi / beautiful women / women dancers and singers | |
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| | war on all sides (idiom); fighting from all four quarters | |
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| | Korean War (dating from North Korean invasion on 25th Jun 1950) | |
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| | the Legalist school of political philosophy, which rose to prominence in the Warring States period (475–221 BC) (The Legalists believed that social harmony could only be attained through strong state control, and advocated for a system of rigidly applied punishments and rewards for specific behaviors.) / a Legalist | |
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| | Anglo-Japanese allied army (intervention during Russian revolution and civil war 1917-1922) | |
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| | surname Zhao / one of the seven states during the Warring States period (476–220 BC) / the Former Zhao 前趙｜前赵 (304–329) and Later Zhao 後趙｜后赵 (319–350), states of the Sixteen Kingdoms | |
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| | Lin Zexu or Lin Tse-hsu "Commissioner Lin" (1785-1850), Qing official whose anti-opium activities led to first Opium war with Britain 1840-1842 | |
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| | war zone / combat zone / (military) theater of operations | |
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| | to reconcile / to mediate / to bring warring parties to agreement / to arbitrate | |
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| | to die in childhood / war dead | |
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| | prisoner of war / to capture / to take prisoner / (old) northern barbarian / slave | |
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| | Liaoshen Campaign (Sep-Nov 1948), the first of the three major campaigns by the People's Liberation Army near the end of the Chinese Civil War | |
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| | war of independence | |
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| | Kamikaze Unit (Japanese corps of suicide pilots in World War II) / kamikaze (vodka-based cocktail) | |
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| | surname Wei / name of a vassal state of the Zhou dynasty from 661 BC in Shanxi, one of the Seven Hero Warring States / Wei state, founded by Cao Cao 曹操, one of the Three Kingdoms after the Han dynasty / the Wei dynasty 221–265 / Wei Prefecture or Wei County at various times in history | |
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| | Han, one of the Seven Hero States of the Warring States 戰國七雄｜战国七雄 / Korea from the fall of the Joseon dynasty in 1897 / Korea, esp. South Korea 大韓民國｜大韩民国 / surname Han | |
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| | late Warring States period, c. 250-221 BC before the First Emperor's Qin Dynasty | |
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| | surname Chu / abbr. for Hubei 湖北省 and Hunan 湖南省 provinces together / Chinese kingdom during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods (722–221 BC) | |
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| | Hui Shi, also known as Hui-zi 惠子(c. 370-310 BC), politician and philosopher of the School of Logicians 名家 during the Warring States Period (475-220 BC) | |
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| | war / to wage war | |
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| | air war / air warfare | |
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| | Ministry of War (in imperial China) | |
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| | Eighth Route Army, the larger of the two major Chinese communist forces fighting the Japanese in the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) | |
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| | Li Yingru (1913-1989), calligrapher and writer, author of many novels about the war as seen by the communists | |
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| | (US-Soviet) Cold War | |
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| | late Warring States period, c. 250-221 BC before the First Emperor's Qin Dynasty | |
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| | opportunity in a battle / fighter aircraft / war secret | |
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| | Pang Juan (-342 BC), military leader and political strategist of the School of Diplomacy 縱橫家｜纵横家 during the Warring States Period (425-221 BC) | |
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| | Xiao Qian (1910-1999), Mongolian-born, Cambridge-educated journalist active during Second World War in Europe, subsequently famous author and translator | |
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| | the Warring States period (475-221 BC) | |
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| | School of Logicians of the Warring States Period (475-220 BC), also called the School of Names | |
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| | forced labor / corvée / obligatory task / military service / to use as servant / to enserf / servant (old) / war / campaign / battle | |
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| | weaponry / to hold (a weapon) / to wield / to rely on / to depend on / war / battle | |
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| | lit. fire beacons in all four directions (idiom); the confusion of war | |
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| | general mobilization (for war etc) | |
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| | war / hostilities / fighting | |
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| | Vietnam War (1955-1975) | |
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| | to fight / to wage war | |
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| | prepared against war / to prepare for war / warmongering | |
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| | after the war / postwar | |
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| | (of a sports competition or match) to commence / (of a war or battle) to break out / to perform acrobatic or choreographed fighting (in Chinese opera) / to brawl / to come to blows | |
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| | The Thirty-Six Stratagems, a Chinese essay used to illustrate a series of stratagems used in politics, war, and in civil interaction / all the possible schemes and stratagems | |
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| | spoils of war | |
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| | (lit.) to exert one's horse / (fig.) war exploits / warhorse (abbr. for 汗血馬｜汗血马) | |
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| | lit. warp and weft in weaving; vertically and horizontal / length and breadth / criss-crossed / able to move unhindered / abbr. for 合縱連橫｜合纵连横, School of Diplomacy during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC) | |
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| | to come unscathed through a hundred battles (idiom, from Sunzi's "The Art of War" 孫子兵法｜孙子兵法); to win every fight | |
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| | Sun Tzu, also known as Sun Wu 孫武｜孙武 (c. 500 BC, dates of birth and death uncertain), general, strategist and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn Period (700-475 BC), believed to be the author of the “Art of War” 孫子兵法｜孙子兵法, one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書｜武经七书 | |
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| | Qi state of Western Zhou and the Warring states (1122-265 BC), centered in Shandong | |
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| | war chariot / tank | |
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| | war chariot | |
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| | to start a war / to make war / to battle against | |
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| | to go to war / to engage in war | |
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| | Nanchang Uprising, 1st August 1927, the beginning of military revolt by the Communists in the Chinese Civil War | |
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| | the flames of war | |
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| | Lord Menchang of Qi, Chancellor of Qi and of Wei during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC) | |
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| | civil war | |
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| | (military) to go off to war / (sports) to compete | |
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| | Sino-French War (1883-1885) (concerning French seizure of Vietnam) | |
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| | chaos of war | |
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| | the whole front (in a war) / the whole length (of a road or railway line) | |
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| | social upheaval caused by war or famine etc | |
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| | world war | |
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| | danger spot / Jedi (in Star Wars) | |
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| | know yourself and know your enemy, and you will never be defeated (idiom, from Sunzi's "The Art of War" 孫子兵法｜孙子兵法) | |
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| | Marco Polo Bridge Incident of 7th July 1937, regarded as the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War 抗日戰爭｜抗日战争 | |
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| | Holy war / jihad | |
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| | Hui-zi also known as Hui Shi 惠施 (c. 370-310 BC), politician and philosopher of the School of Logicians 名家 during the Warring States Period (475-220 BC) | |
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| | Mohist School of the Warring States Period (475-220 BC), founded by the philosopher 墨子 | |
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| | to lobby / to campaign / to promote (an idea, a product) / (old) to visit various rulers and promote one's political ideas (in the Warring States period) | |
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| | School of Minor-talks, one of the Hundred Schools of Thought 諸子百家｜诸子百家 during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC) | |
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| | the Opium Wars of 1840-1842 and 1860-1861 | |
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| | the School of the Military, one of the Hundred Schools of Thought 諸子百家｜诸子百家 of the Warring States Period (475-220 BC) | |
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| | Bonn, a small town on the Rhine, Cold War capital of West Germany 1949-1990 | |
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| | the state of Qin, one of the seven states of the Warring States Period (475-220 BC) | |
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| | prolonged war / war of attrition | |
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| | Charles De Gaulle (1890–1970), French general and politician, leader of the Free French during World War II and president of the Republic 1959–1969 | |
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| | "Strategies of the Warring States", chronicle of the Warring States Period (475-220 BC), possibly written by Su Qin 蘇秦｜苏秦 | |
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| | lit. peaceful measures before using force (idiom) / fig. diplomacy before violence; jaw-jaw is better than war-war | |
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| | a hundred flowers bloom, a hundred schools of thought contend (idiom); refers to the classical philosophic schools of the Warring States period 475-221 BC, but adopted for Mao's campaign of 1956 | |
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| | the time is right, geographical and social conditions are favorable (idiom); a good time to go to war | |
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| | tug-of-war / to take part in a tug-of-war | |
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| | World War One | |
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