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Traditional Pīnyīn		English Definition	Simplified HSK
草 cǎo	草 \| 草* \| *草	grass / straw / manuscript / draft (of a document) / careless / rough / CL: 棵, 撮, 株, 根	HSK 2


艸 cǎo	艸 \| 艸* \| *艸	variant of 草	草 HSK 2


槽 cáo	槽 \| 槽* \| *槽	trough / manger / groove / channel / (Tw) (computing) hard drive	HSK 7-9


嘈 cáo	嘈 \| 嘈* \| *嘈	bustling / tumultuous / noisy


魏文帝 Wèi Wéndì	魏文帝 \| 魏文帝* \| *魏文帝	Cao Pi 曹丕, emperor of Wei 220-226


魏 Wèi	魏 \| 魏* \| *魏	surname Wei / name of a vassal state of the Zhou dynasty from 661 BC in Shanxi, one of the Seven Hero Warring States / Wei state, founded by Cao Cao 曹操, one of the Three Kingdoms after the Han dynasty / the Wei dynasty 221-265 / Wei Prefecture or Wei County at various times in history


操 cāo	操 \| 操* \| *操	to grasp / to hold / to operate / to manage / to control / to steer / to exercise / to drill (practice) / to play / to speak (a language)


草 cào	草 \| 草* \| *草	variant of 肏


紅樓夢 Hónglóu Mèng	紅樓夢 \| 紅樓夢* \| *紅樓夢	A Dream of Red Mansions (first completed edition 1791) by Cao Xueqin 曹雪芹, one of the four great novels	红楼梦


糙 cāo	糙 \| 糙* \| *糙	rough / coarse (in texture)


肏 cào	肏 \| 肏* \| *肏	to fuck (vulgar)


鄵 Cào	鄵 \| 鄵* \| *鄵	ancient place name (between present-day Xinzheng County 新鄭｜新郑 and Lushan County 魯山｜鲁山, Henan)


曹縣 Cáoxiàn	曹縣 \| 曹縣* \| *曹縣	Cao county in Heze 菏澤｜菏泽, Shandong	曹县


龐德 Páng Dé	龐德 \| 龐德* \| *龐德	Pang De (-219), general of Cao Wei at the start of the Three Kingdoms period, victor over Guan Yu 關羽｜关羽 / Pound (name) / Ezra Pound (1885-1972), American poet and translator	庞德


三國演義 Sānguó Yǎnyì	三國演義 \| 三國演義* \| *三國演義	Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong 羅貫中｜罗贯中, one of the Four Classic Novels of Chinese literature, a fictional account of the Three Kingdoms at the break-up of the Han around 200 AD, portraying Liu Bei's 劉備｜刘备 Shu Han 蜀漢｜蜀汉 as heroes and Cao Cao's 曹操 Wei 魏 as villains	三国演义


曹 Cáo	曹 \| 曹* \| *曹	surname Cao / Zhou Dynasty vassal state


曹 cáo	曹 \| 曹* \| *曹	class or grade / generation / plaintiff and defendant (old) / government department (old)


漢獻帝 Hàn Xiàndì	漢獻帝 \| 漢獻帝* \| *漢獻帝	Emperor Xian of Han (181-234), the final Han emperor, set up by Dong Zhuo 董卓, reigned 189-220, forced to abdicate 220 by Cao Pi 曹丕	汉献帝


艹 cǎo	艹 \| 艹* \| *艹	grass radical 草字頭兒｜草字头儿


赤壁之戰 Chìbìzhī Zhàn	赤壁之戰 \| 赤壁之戰* \| *赤壁之戰	Battle of Redcliff of 208 at Chibi in Huangzhou district 黃州區｜黄州区 of Huanggang city 黃岡｜黄冈, a decisive defeat of Cao Cao 曹操 at the hands of southern kingdom of Wu / famous episode in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms 三國演義｜三国演义	赤壁之战


曹魏 Cáo Wèi	曹魏 \| 曹魏* \| *曹魏	Cao Wei, the most powerful of the Three Kingdoms, established as a dynasty in 220 by Cao Pi 曹丕, son of Cao Cao, replaced by Jin dynasty in 265


蕭規曹隨 Xiāoguī Cáosuí	蕭規曹隨 \| 蕭規曹隨* \| *蕭規曹隨	lit. Xiao's 蕭何｜萧何 governance followed by Cao 曹參｜曹参 (idiom) / fig. to strictly adhere to the policies of the predecessor / to follow precedent	萧规曹随


身在曹營心在漢 shēnzài Cáoyíngxīnzài Hàn	身在…在漢 \| 身在…在漢* \| *身在…在漢	live in Cao camp but have the heart in Han camp (idiom) / to be somewhere while longing to be somewhere else	身在曹营心在汉


周瑜打黃蓋 Zhōu Yúdǎ Huáng Gài	周瑜打黃蓋 \| 周瑜打黃蓋* \| *周瑜打黃蓋	fig. with the connivance of both sides / fig. by mutual consent / cf Wu patriot Huang Gai submits to mock beating at the hands of General Zhou Yu to deceive Cao Cao 曹操 before the 208 battle of Redcliff 赤壁之戰｜赤壁之战	周瑜打黄盖


漢賊不兩立 Hànzéibùliǎnglì	漢賊不兩立 \| 漢賊不兩立* \| *漢賊不兩立	lit. Shu Han 蜀漢｜蜀汉 and Cao Wei 曹魏 cannot coexist (idiom) / fig. two enemies cannot live under the same sky / (former KMT slogan against CCP) "gentlemen and thieves cannot coexist"	汉贼不两立


曹錕 Cáo Kūn	曹錕 \| 曹錕* \| *曹錕	Cao Kun (1862-1938), one of the Northern Warlords	曹锟


操 cào	操 \| 操* \| *操	variant of 肏


鍾繇 Zhōng Yáo	鍾繇 \| 鍾繇* \| *鍾繇	Zhong Yao (151-230), minister of Cao Wei 曹魏 and noted calligrapher, said to have developed the regular script 楷書｜楷书	钟繇


氧化鈣 yǎnghuàgài	氧化鈣 \| 氧化鈣* \| *氧化鈣	calcium oxide, CaO / (slang) (used as a substitute for 肏, since CaO resembles cào)	氧化钙


荀彧 Xún Yù	荀彧 \| 荀彧* \| *荀彧	Xun Yu (163-212), brilliant strategist, advisor of Cao Cao in Three Kingdoms


懆 cǎo	懆 \| 懆* \| *懆	anxious / sad


生石灰 shēngshíhuī	生石灰 \| 生石灰* \| *生石灰	calcium oxide CaO / quicklime


王肅 Wáng Sù	王肅 \| 王肅* \| *王肅	Wang Su (c. 195-256), classical scholar of Cao Wei dynasty, believed to have forged several classical texts	王肃


蓸 cáo	蓸 \| 蓸* \| *蓸	(a kind of herb)


螬 cáo	螬 \| 螬* \| *螬	used in 蠐螬｜蛴螬


漕 cáo	漕 \| 漕* \| *漕	to transport (esp. grain) by water / (literary) watercourse; canal


艚 cáo	艚 \| 艚* \| *艚	seagoing junk


高平 Gāopíng	高平 \| 高平* \| *高平	Gaoping, city in 山西 / Cao Bang, Vietnam


撡 cāo	撡 \| 撡* \| *撡	old variant of 操	操


曹操 Cáo Cāo	曹操 \| 曹操* \| *曹操	Cao Cao (155-220), famous statesman and general at the end of Han, noted poet and calligrapher, later warlord, founder and first king of Cao Wei 曹魏, father of Emperor Cao Pi 曹丕 / the main villain of novel the Romance of Three Kingdoms 三國演義｜三国演义


曹丕 Cáo Pī	曹丕 \| 曹丕* \| *曹丕	Cao Pi (187-226), second son of Cao Cao 曹操, king then emperor of Cao Wei 曹魏 from 220, ruled as Emperor Wen 魏文帝, also a noted calligrapher


曹禺 Cáo Yú	曹禺 \| 曹禺* \| *曹禺	Cao Yu (1910-1997), PRC dramatist


程昱 Chéng Yù	程昱 \| 程昱* \| *程昱	Cheng Yu (141-220), advisor to General Cao Cao 曹操 during the Three Kingdoms era


曹植 Cáo Zhí	曹植 \| 曹植* \| *曹植	Cao Zhi (192-232), son of Cao Cao 曹操, noted poet and calligrapher


曹參 Cáo Cān	曹參 \| 曹參* \| *曹參	Cao Can (-190 BC), second chancellor of Han Dynasty, contributed to its founding by fighting on Liu Bang's 劉邦｜刘邦 side during the Chu-Han Contention 楚漢戰爭｜楚汉战争 / also pr. [Cao2 Shen1]	曹参


三曹 Sān Cáo	三曹 \| 三曹* \| *三曹	the Three Caos (Cao Cao 曹操 and his sons Cao Pi 曹丕 and Cao Zhi 曹植), who established the Wei or Cao Wei dynasty 曹魏, and were all three noted poets and calligraphers


官渡之戰 Guāndùzhī Zhàn	官渡之戰 \| 官渡之戰* \| *官渡之戰	Battle of Guandu of 199 that established Cao Cao's 曹操 domination over north China, at Guandu (near modern 許昌｜许昌 in north Henan)	官渡之战


上下五千年 Shàngxià Wǔ Qiānnián	上下五千年 \| 上下五千年* \| *上下五千年	Tales from 5000 Years of Chinese History in three volumes by Cao Yuzhang 曹餘章｜曹余章


說曹操曹操就到 shuō Cáo Cāo Cáo Cāojiùdào	說曹…就到 \| 說曹…就到* \| *說曹…就到	lit. speak of Cao Cao and Cao Cao arrives / fig. speak of the devil and he doth appear	说曹操曹操就到


魏國 Wèiguó	魏國 \| 魏國* \| *魏國	Wei State (407-225 BC), one of the Seven Hero States of the Warring States 戰國七雄｜战国七雄 / Wei State or Cao Wei 曹魏 (220-265), the most powerful of the Three Kingdoms	魏国


六朝四大家 Liù Cháo Sì Dàjiā	六朝四大家 \| 六朝四大家* \| *六朝四大家	Four Great Painters of the Six Dynasties, namely: Cao Buxing 曹不興｜曹不兴, Gu Kaizhi 顧愷之｜顾恺之, Lu Tanwei 陸探微｜陆探微 and Zhang Sengyou 張僧繇｜张僧繇


司馬懿 Sīmǎ Yì	司馬懿 \| 司馬懿* \| *司馬懿	Sima Yi (179-251), warlord under Cao Cao and subsequently founder of the Jin dynasty	司马懿


司馬昭 Sīmǎ Zhāo	司馬昭 \| 司馬昭* \| *司馬昭	Sima Zhao (211-265), military general and statesman of Cao Wei 曹魏	司马昭


幸甚至哉 xìngshènzhìzāi	幸甚至哉 \| 幸甚至哉* \| *幸甚至哉	filled with joy (quotation from poems by Cao Cao 曹操)


曹不興 Cáo Bùxīng	曹不興 \| 曹不興* \| *曹不興	Cao Buxing or Ts'ao Pu-hsing (active c. 210-250), famous semilegendary painter, one of the Four Great Painters of the Six Dynasties 六朝四大家	曹不兴


曹剛川 Cáo Gāngchuān	曹剛川 \| 曹剛川* \| *曹剛川	Cao Gangchuan (1935-), former artillery officer, senior PRC politician and army leader	曹刚川


曹沖 Cáo Chōng	曹沖 \| 曹沖* \| *曹沖	Cao Chong (196-208), son of Cao Cao 曹操	曹冲


曹雪芹 Cáo Xuěqín	曹雪芹 \| 曹雪芹* \| *曹雪芹	Cao Xueqin (c. 1715-c. 1764), accepted author of A Dream of Red Mansions 紅樓夢｜红楼梦


曹靖華 Cáo Jìnghuá	曹靖華 \| 曹靖華* \| *曹靖華	Cao Jinghua (1897-1987), translator from Russian, professor of Peking University and essayist	曹靖华


曹餘章 Cáo Yúzhāng	曹餘章 \| 曹餘章* \| *曹餘章	Cao Yuzhang (1924-1996), modern writer and publisher, author of Tales from 5000 Years of Chinese History 上下五千年	曹余章


長坂坡七進七出 chángbǎnpōqījìnqīchū	長坂…七出 \| 長坂…七出* \| *長坂…七出	famous scene in Romance of the Three Kingdoms in which Zhao Yun 趙雲｜赵云 charges seven times through the ranks of Cao Cao's armies	长坂坡七进七出

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