| | to speak; to talk; to say / to explain; to comment / to scold; to tell off / (bound form) theory; doctrine | HSK 1 |
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| | to hear (sth said) / one hears (that) / hearsay / listening and speaking | HSK 2 |
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| | novel / fiction / CL: 本, 部 | HSK 2 |
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| | for example | HSK 2 |
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| | legend; folk tale / to repeat from mouth to mouth; they say that... | HSK 3 |
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| | it is said that; reportedly | HSK 3 |
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| | generally speaking | HSK 4 |
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| | to explain (verbally); to give a running commentary | HSK 6 |
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| | in other words; that is | HSK 6 |
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| | to say again / to put off a discussion until later / moreover / what's more / besides | HSK 6 |
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| | in other words / that is to say | HSK 6 |
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| | though / although | HSK 7-9 |
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| | speech / to deliver a speech | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to persuade / persuasion / to advise | HSK 7-9 |
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| | needless to say; it goes without saying | HSK 7-9 |
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| | easy to deal with; not a problem / (polite answer) you flatter me | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to recount / to tell of / to relate / (fig.) (of a thing) to stand as testament to (some past history) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | it is reasonable to say that... | HSK 7-9 |
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| | hard to tell (i.e. hard to judge or hard to predict) / cannot bring oneself to say it | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to say nothing of; not to mention; let alone | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to talk nonsense / drivel | HSK 7-9 |
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| | in the ordinary course of events; ordinarily; normally | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to have nothing to say (idiom) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | theory / doctrine | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to tell the truth / to tell it as it is | HSK 7-9 |
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| | honestly speaking; to be frank, ... | HSK 7-9 |
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| | in other words / that is to say / so / thus | HSK 7-9 |
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| | as the proverb says / as they say... | HSK 7-9 |
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| | if / if one were to say | HSK 7-9 |
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| | for example | HSK 7-9 |
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| | generally speaking / to sum up / in summary / in short | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to persuade | |
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| | romance novel / romantic fiction | |
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| | to say sth | |
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| | It is said that ... (at the start of a narrative) / to discuss; to recount | |
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| | an expression of opinion / according to some | |
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| | as for / when it comes to | |
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| | pornographic novel / dirty book | |
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| | novel | |
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| | (idiom) not saying anything further; not raising any objection; without demur | |
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| | in other words | |
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| | novel in chapters, main format for long novels from the Ming onwards, with each chapter headed by a summary couplet | |
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| | science fiction novel | |
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| | to tell in detail | |
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| | to talk drivel; to make irresponsible remarks | |
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| | to recount; to narrate; to give an account of | |
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| | short story | |
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| | to lobby / to campaign / to promote (an idea, a product) / (old) to visit various rulers and promote one's political ideas (in the Warring States period) | |
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| | murder mystery (novel); whodunit | |
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| | to speak of / to refer to | |
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| | a martial arts (wuxia) novel | |
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| | to talk drivel / to assert sth without a proper understanding or basis in fact / not to know what one is talking about | |
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| | hypothesis | |
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| | not to mention / leaving aside | |
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| | to speak on sb's behalf; to intercede for sb / to lobby illegally | |
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| | for example; for instance | |
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| | thus | |
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| | (idiom) to make a long story short; to keep it brief | |
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| | (idiom) to try one's very best to persuade sb; to reason with sb in every way possible | |
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| | novella | |
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| | simple introduction / primer | |
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| | (idiom) needless to say / it goes without saying | |
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| | flash fiction | |
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| | Fu Shuo (c. 14th century BC), legendary sage and principal minister of Shang ruler Wu Ding | |
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| | normally / ordinarily speaking | |
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| | to state; to assert | |
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| | harmful teachings / evil doctrine | |
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| | theory of free play (in Kant's philosophy) | |
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| | not to mention ... (i.e. in addition to sth) | |
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| | not to mention ... (i.e. in addition to sth) | |
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| | to debate; to argue | |
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| | accepted theory or formulation | |
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| | to write a book advancing one's theory (idiom) | |
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| | to state / to assert | |
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| | flash fiction | |
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| | heliocentric theory / the theory that the sun is at the center of the universe | |
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| | popular tradition / folk legend | |
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| | to explain sth over and over again / to repeat | |
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| | different opinion / dissident view / absurd remark | |
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| | scattered essays / various opinions / different manners of speaking | |
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| | to assert categorically / generally accepted view | |
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| | various ideas / diverse opinions | |
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| | to allow no explanation | |
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| | to comment; to evaluate | |
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| | to explain (the difference) | |
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| | Stories Old and New by Feng Menglong 馮夢龍|冯梦龙, collection of late Ming baihua 白話|白话 tales published in 1620 | |
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| | to talk irresponsibly / ridiculous presumption talk | |
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| | gossip; hearsay; rumor | |
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| | to declare; to state / to call; to name | |
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| | really good / excellent | |
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| | to get scolded | |
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| | to speak without thinking; to blurt sth out | |
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| | (coll.) to insist; to allege; to assert | |
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| | to plead / to claim as an excuse | |
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| | lit. Ying writes a letter and Yan reads it / fig. to misinterpret the original meaning / to pile up errors / refers to the letter from capital 郢 of 楚 in which the inadvertent words "hold up the candle" are mistaken by the minister of 燕 as "promote the wise" | |
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| | (idiom) to make a story or theory consistent; to give a plausible explanation; to plug the holes in one's story | |
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| | Darwinism | |
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| | to narrate | |
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| | philosophical book by Song dynasty scholar Zhou Dunyi 周敦頤|周敦颐, starting from an interpretation of the Book of Changes | |
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