| | modern times / modern age / modern era | HSK 3 |
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| | to be a substitute for; to act on behalf of; to replace; to substitute / generation; dynasty; age; period; (historical) era; (geological) eon | HSK 3 |
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| | age / era / epoch / period (in one's life) / CL: 個｜个 | HSK 3 |
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| | a decade of a century (e.g. the Sixties) / age / era / period / CL: 個｜个 | HSK 3 |
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| | ancient times | HSK 3 |
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| | to substitute for / to replace / to supersede | HSK 4 |
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| | the not-very-distant past / modern times, excluding recent decades / (in the context of Chinese history) the period from the Opium Wars until the May 4th Movement (mid-19th century to 1919) / capitalist times (pre-1949) | HSK 4 |
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| | the present age / the contemporary era | HSK 5 |
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| | to transfer (duties to sb else) / to give instructions; to tell (sb to do sth) / to explain; to give an account; to brief / to confess; to account for oneself / (jocular) to come to a bad end | HSK 5 |
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| | generation | HSK 6 |
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| | dynasty / reign (of a king) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | descendant; progeny / posterity; later ages; later generations | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to replace / to supersede / to supplant / (chemistry) substitution | HSK 7-9 |
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| | for many generations / generation / era / age | HSK 7-9 |
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| | the next generation | HSK 7-9 |
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| | epoch-marking | HSK 7-9 |
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| | Hyundai, South Korean company | |
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| | final generation | |
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| | Time, US weekly news magazine | |
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| | successive generations / successive dynasties / past dynasties | |
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| | Qing dynasty (1644-1911) | |
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| | the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) | |
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| | offspring / child's generation | |
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| | the Yuan or Mongol dynasty (1279-1368) | |
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| | golden age | |
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| | Tang dynasty (618-907) | |
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| | Zhou dynasty (1046-221 BC) | |
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| | Song dynasty (960-1279) | |
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| | the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) | |
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| | Qin dynasty (221-207 BC), founded by the first emperor Qin Shihuang 秦始皇, the first dynasty to rule the whole of China | |
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| | the prehistoric Shang dynasty (c. 16th-11th century BC) | |
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| | peerless / unmatched in his generation / incomparable (talent, beauty) | |
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| | Bandai toy company | |
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| | for many generations | |
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| | magnificent style unmatched in his generation (idiom); peerless talent | |
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| | to carry on one's ancestral line | |
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| | Sui dynasty (581-617) | |
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| | metonymy | |
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| | throughout the ages | |
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| | to transition to a new dynasty or regime / to replace an older product with an upgraded, new-generation one | |
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| | Jin Dynasty (265-420) | |
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| | to transition to a new dynasty or regime | |
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| | from generation to generation / generation after generation | |
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| | parent's generation / previous generation | |
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| | | |
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| | periodization (of history) | |
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| | Mesozoic (geological era 250-65m years ago, covering Triassic 三疊紀｜三叠纪, Jurassic 侏羅紀｜侏罗纪 and Cretaceous 白堊紀｜白垩纪) | |
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| | to pass to the next generation | |
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| | previous generation | |
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| | second generation | |
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| | unrivalled / without peer in this generation | |
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| | Xia or Hsia dynasty c. 2000 BC | |
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| | three generations of a family / the three earliest dynasties (Xia, Shang and Zhou) | |
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| | Five Dynasties, period of history between the fall of the Tang dynasty (907) and the founding of the Song dynasty (960), when five would-be dynasties were established in quick succession in North China | |
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| | sundae (loanword) | |
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| | Cenozoic (geological era covering the last 65m years) | |
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| | new generation | |
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| | (computing, math.) to iterate / (literary) to alternate | |
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| | children of entrepreneurs who became wealthy under Deng Xiaoping's economic reforms in the 1980s / see also 窮二代｜穷二代 | |
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| | new generation | |
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| | Dark Ages | |
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| | ice age | |
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| | Thomas Hardy (1840-1928), English author | |
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| | Generation Y / Millennial Generation | |
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| | the seventies; the 1970s | |
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| | substitution / replacing former general / change of leader | |
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| | new age | |
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| | to be getting worse with each generation | |
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| | Paleolithic Era | |
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| | a changeover of personnel / a new shift / (lit.) replacement for soldier on leave for the melon-picking season | |
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| | Jin Dynasty (1115-1234), founded by the Jurchen 女真 people of North China, a precursor of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty | |
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| | the sixties / the 1960s | |
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| | Mesolithic Era | |
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| | contemporary | |
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| | Heian period (794-1185), period of Japanese history | |
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| | Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC) | |
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| | Proterozoic (geological era 2500-540m years ago) | |
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| | the era of Japanese occupation | |
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| | the Spring and Autumn (770-476 BC) and Warring States (475-221 BC) periods / Eastern Zhou (770-221 BC) | |
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| | the Six Dynasties period (222-589) between Han and Tang | |
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| | to be blessed with rare and radiant beauty (idiom) | |
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| | feudal times | |
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| | the Warring States period (475-221 BC) / Japanese Warring States period (15th-17th century) | |
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| | to refer to / to be used in place of | |
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| | Neolithic Era | |
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| | Stone Age | |
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| | former times / the olden days | |
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| | information age | |
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| | Song of the Southern dynasties (420-479), with capital at Nanjing | |
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| | reign (of a king, emperor etc) | |
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| | Archaeozoic (geological era before 2500m years ago) | |
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| | Nara period (710-794) in early Japanese history | |
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| | children of officials / word created by analogy with 富二代 | |
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| | wealth never survives three generations (idiom) | |
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| | the Renaissance | |
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| | children of celebrities | |
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| | reform and renewal / generational change | |
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| | second generation only child | |
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| | (Tw) class representative / class president | |
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| | those who did not benefit from the Chinese economic reforms of the 1980s / see also 富二代 | |
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