| | of; ~'s (possessive particle) / (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun) / (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis) / (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的 "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的｜跑堂儿的 "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的 "new one") / also pr. [di4] or [di5] in poetry and songs | HSK 1 |
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| | you (Note: In Taiwan, 妳 is used to address females, but in mainland China, it is not commonly used. Instead, 你 is used to address both males and females.) | HSK 1 |
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| | to see; to look at / to read / to watch / to visit; to call on / to consider; to regard as / to look after / to treat (a patient or illness) / to depend on / to feel (that) / (after a verb) to give it a try / to watch out for | HSK 1 |
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| | best / had better ...; it would be best to ... | HSK 1 |
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| | -ly / structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to preceding modifying adverbial adjunct | HSK 1 |
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| | to walk; to go on foot / to leave; to depart / (informal) to clear off; to beat it / (of sb who gets fired or resigns) to leave the job; to get out | HSK 1 |
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| | you're welcome / don't mention it / impolite / rude / blunt | HSK 1 |
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| | it doesn't matter | HSK 1 |
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| | to have spare time / free from work / it's not important / it's nothing / never mind | HSK 1 |
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| | it doesn't matter; it's nothing; never mind / think nothing of it; it's my pleasure; you're welcome | HSK 1 |
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| | structural particle: used after a verb (or adjective as main verb), linking it to following phrase indicating effect, degree, possibility etc | HSK 2 |
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| | it | HSK 2 |
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| | it (pronoun for an animal) | HSK 2 |
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| | original; former / originally; formerly; at first / so, actually, as it turns out | HSK 2 |
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| | (it) hurts; sore / to love dearly | HSK 2 |
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| | to add / (math.) plus / to increase; to augment / (used before a disyllabic verb, often after an adverb like 不, 大, 稍 etc, to indicate that the action applies to sth previously mentioned, as in 稍加改良 "make some minor improvements to (it)") | HSK 2 |
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| | to think (i.e. to take it to be true that ...) (Usually there is an implication that the notion is mistaken – except when expressing one's own current opinion.) | HSK 2 |
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| | just (in time) / just right / just enough / to happen to / to chance to / by chance / it just so happens that | HSK 2 |
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| | how (wonderful etc) / what (a great idea etc) / however (difficult it may be etc) / (in interrogative sentences) how (much etc) / to what extent | HSK 2 |
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| | to leave; to walk away; to beat it / to move aside | HSK 2 |
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| | to feel embarrassed / to find it embarrassing / to be sorry (for inconveniencing sb) | HSK 2 |
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| | how? / how about? / how was it? / how are things? | HSK 2 |
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| | not equal to; not as good as; inferior to / it would be better to | HSK 2 |
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| | pleasantly cool (weather etc) / to cool oneself; to cool off / (Tw) (slang) (of clothing) scanty; revealing / (coll.) to stay out of it; to butt out | HSK 2 |
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| | to hold; to grasp / to hold a baby in position to help it urinate or defecate / handlebar / classifier: handful, bundle, bunch / classifier for things with handles / (used to put the object before the verb: 把 + {noun} + {verb}) | HSK 3 |
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| | to follow / from / because of; due to / by; via; through / (before a noun and a verb) it is for ... to ... | HSK 3 |
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| | only natural / as it should be / certainly / of course / without doubt | HSK 3 |
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| | only have ... / there is only ... / (used in combination with 才) it is only if one ... (that one can ...) (Example: 只有通過治療才能痊愈｜只有通过治疗才能痊愈 "the only way to cure it is with therapy") / it is only ... (who ...) (Example: 只有男性才有此需要 "only men would have such a requirement") / (used to indicate that one has no alternative) one can only (do a certain thing) (Example: 只有屈服 "the only thing you can do is give in") | HSK 3 |
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| | it is said that; reportedly | HSK 3 |
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| | original / originally / at first / it goes without saying / of course | HSK 3 |
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| | opportunely / coincidentally / as it happens / skillful / timely | HSK 3 |
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| | don't tell me ... / could it be that...? | HSK 3 |
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| | to recognize / to remember sth (or sb) on seeing it / to know | HSK 3 |
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| | have no choice or option but to / cannot but / have to / can't help it / can't avoid | HSK 3 |
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| | it would appear / it seems (that) | HSK 3 |
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| | seemingly; apparently; looks as if; appears to be; gives the impression that; seems on the face of it to be | HSK 3 |
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| | to be called; to be known as; to call it "..." | HSK 3 |
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| | to have enough time; can do it in time; can still make it | HSK 4 |
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| | to row / to paddle / profitable / worth (the effort) / it pays (to do sth) | HSK 4 |
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| | to dodge / to duck out of the way / to beat it / shaken (by a fall) / to sprain / to pull a muscle / lightning / spark / a flash / to flash (across one's mind) / to leave behind / (Internet slang) (of a display of affection) "dazzlingly" saccharine | HSK 4 |
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| | it can clearly be seen (that this is the case) / it is (thus) clear / clear / visible | HSK 4 |
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| | it seems; seemingly; as if | HSK 4 |
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| | apparently / it seems that | HSK 4 |
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| | conveniently / without extra trouble / while doing it / in passing | HSK 4 |
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| | there's not enough time (to do sth) / it's too late (to do sth) | HSK 4 |
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| | (coll.) can't do anything about it / (coll.) there's no way that ...; it's simply not credible that ... / (coll.) couldn't be (better) (i.e. simply wonderful) | HSK 4 |
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| | unimportant / not serious / it doesn't matter / never mind / it looks all right, but | HSK 4 |
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| | his / her / its / their / that / such / it (refers to sth preceding it) | HSK 5 |
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| | despite / although / even though / in spite of / unhesitatingly / do not hesitate (to ask, complain etc) / (go ahead and do it) without hesitating | HSK 5 |
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| | to grasp (often fig.) / to control / to seize (initiative, opportunity, destiny) / to master / to know well / to understand sth well and know how to use it / fluency | HSK 5 |
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| | to enjoy / to live it up / pleasure / CL: 種｜种 | HSK 5 |
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| | place / location / (after a noun) place where it is located | HSK 5 |
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| | only / merely / nothing but / no more than / it's just that ... | HSK 5 |
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| | it is a pity / what a pity / unfortunately | HSK 5 |
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| | to hand it (i.e. the aforementioned item) to (sb) | HSK 5 |
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| | (included) in it / among them | HSK 5 |
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| | whether or not / can it or can't it / is it possible? | HSK 6 |
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| | as it turns out / by lucky coincidence / (of number, time, size etc) just right | HSK 6 |
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| | unexpected / hard to imagine / it had not occurred to me / who could have thought that | HSK 6 |
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| | outwardly; superficially; on the face of it | HSK 6 |
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| | not up to much / very indifferent / nothing great about it / nothing good to be said about it | HSK 6 |
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| | let it be / let it pass / forget about it | HSK 6 |
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| | entity / substance / thing that has a material existence (as opposed to a conceptual, virtual or online existence) / the real thing (as opposed to an image or model of it) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to tremble / to shake out / to reveal / to make it in the world | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (indicating that sth turns out just the opposite of what one would wish) unfortunately; as it happened / (indicating that sth is the opposite of what would be normal or reasonable) stubbornly; contrarily; against reason / (indicating that sb or a group is singled out) precisely; only; of all people | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的) / him / her / it | HSK 7-9 |
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| | rare; seldom seen / (formal) it's a rare pleasure to see you | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to regret / to feel that it is a great pity / to feel sorry for sb | HSK 7-9 |
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| | as it should be by rights (idiom); proper and to be expected as a matter of course / inevitable and right | HSK 7-9 |
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| | used in 彷彿｜仿佛 / (Note: While 仿 is not officially designated as the simplified form of 彷, it serves as the de facto simplification when 彷 is pronounced fǎng.) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to give up / to abandon (a goal etc) / to let sth go / forget it / let the matter drop | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to pass on / to hand down / tradition has it that ... / according to legend | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to lock (a door) / to close with a latch / to lock into place / a lock / a latch / to lock a computer file (to prevent it being overwritten) / to lock (denying access to a computer system or device or files, e.g. by password-protection) / to focus attention on / to target | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to overdo it / to overstep the limit / excessively / above one's head / overhead | HSK 7-9 |
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| | lit. to eat in the open air and sleep outdoors (idiom) / fig. to rough it | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to scrape the ground with a spade (to make it level or to remove weeds); to shovel | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to cover; to spread over / a cover; a shade; a hood / bamboo fish trap / bamboo chicken coop / (Tw) (coll.) to protect; to have sb's back / (Tw) (coll.) awesome; incredible / (Tw) (coll.) (often as 罩得住) to have things under control; to be able to handle it | HSK 7-9 |
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| | place above (it) / upper part (of it) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | it could even be said | HSK 7-9 |
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| | can it be possible that / could it be | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to put together an order and deliver it (i.e. 配貨｜配货 and 送貨｜送货) / to deliver (goods) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | can't help it / can't bear it | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (idiom) (it) goes without saying; can well be imagined | HSK 7-9 |
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| | carrying pole and the loads on it / burden / task / responsibility / CL: 副 | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (idiom) (of one's circumstances) beyond one's control; unable to do anything about it; (of one's actions) not subject to conscious control (i.e. done in spite of oneself) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to put one's hand to it / to start out on a task / to set out | HSK 7-9 |
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| | hard to tell (i.e. hard to judge or hard to predict) / cannot bring oneself to say it | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to do one's utmost; with all one's might; at all costs; (to work or fight) as if one's life depends on it | HSK 7-9 |
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| | as an incidental action while doing sth else; while one is at it; in passing / smooth; easy; without difficulty | HSK 7-9 |
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| | clearly and easy to see (idiom); obviously / clearly / it goes without saying | HSK 7-9 |
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| | why bother? / is it worth the trouble? | HSK 7-9 |
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| | fortuitously / luckily / as chance has it | HSK 7-9 |
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| | according to reports / it is reported (that) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | actually / as it turns out / indeed / of course | HSK 7-9 |
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| | (idiom) to like sth so much that one is reluctant to put it down; to find sth utterly irresistible | HSK 7-9 |
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| | to settle a matter by leaving it unsettled / to end up with nothing definite | HSK 7-9 |
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| | admittedly (it's true that...) | HSK 7-9 |
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| | lit. draw legs on a snake (idiom); fig. to ruin the effect by adding sth superfluous / to overdo it | HSK 7-9 |
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| | as soon as possible / at the first opportunity / the sooner the better / before it's too late | HSK 7-9 |
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| | really / as expected / sure enough / if indeed... / if it's really... | HSK 7-9 |
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