|  |  | of; ~'s (possessive particle)  /  (used after an attribute when it modifies a noun)  /  (used at the end of a declarative sentence for emphasis)  /  (used after a noun, verb or adjective to form a nominal expression, as in 皮革的  "one made of leather" or 跑堂兒的|跑堂儿的  "a waiter (literally, one who runs back and forth in a restaurant)" or 新的  "new one")  /  also pr. [di4] or [di5] in poetry and songs  | HSK 1 | 
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|  |  | to obtain  / to get  / to gain  / to catch (a disease)  / proper  / suitable  / proud  / contented  / to allow  / to permit  / ready  / finished  | HSK 2 | 
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|  |  | structural particle: used after a verb (or adjective as main verb), linking it to following phrase indicating effect, degree, possibility etc  | HSK 2 | 
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|  |  | -ly  / structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to preceding modifying adverbial adjunct  | HSK 1 | 
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|  |  | in fact  / in reality  / actually  / as a matter of fact  / de facto  / ipso facto  | HSK 3 | 
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|  |  | to not be; not  / wrong; incorrect  / non-; un-; in-; de-  / to reproach; to blame  / (coll.) to insist on; simply must  | HSK 4 | 
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|  |  | virtue  / goodness  / morality  / ethics  / kindness  / favor  / character  / kind  | HSK 7-9 | 
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|  |  | to join the army  / (official title in imperial China) military adviser; aide-de-camp  | HSK 7-9 | 
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|  |  | Germany  /  German  /  abbr. for 德國|德国 |  | 
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|  |  | (onom.) for the sound of horsehoofs  |  | 
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|  |  | coco de mer or "sea coconut" (Lodoicea maldivica)  |  | 
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|  |  | de facto marriage; common-law marriage  |  | 
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|  |  | (Antoine de) Saint-Exupéry  |  | 
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|  |  | used in 彷彿|仿佛  /  (Note: While 仿  is not officially designated as the simplified form of 彷 , it serves as the de facto simplification when 彷  is pronounced fǎng.)  | HSK 7-9 | 
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|  |  | aide-de-camp  |  | 
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|  |  | de-Sinicization and rejection of Han culture  |  | 
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|  |  | methodology  /  Discours de la méthode by René Descartes 笛卡兒|笛卡儿 , 1637  |  | 
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|  |  | (Colonel Muammar) Gaddafi (1942-2011), de facto leader of Libya from 1969-2011  |  | 
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|  |  | aide-de-camp  |  | 
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|  |  | cheval de frise (a type of barrier)  |  | 
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|  |  | Honoré de Balzac (1799-1850), French novelist, author of series La comédie humaine  |  | 
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|  |  | dance for two  / pas de deux  |  | 
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|  |  | Pang De (-219), general of Cao Wei at the start of the Three Kingdoms period, victor over Guan Yu 關羽|关羽  /  Pound (name)  /  Ezra Pound (1885-1972), American poet and translator  |  | 
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|  |  | Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (1736-1806), French physicist  |  | 
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|  |  | perfumed toilet water  / eau de cologne  / floral water  / hydrosol  |  | 
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|  |  | (equivalent to 的  as possessive particle)  |  | 
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|  |  | La Comédie humaine, series of novels by 19th century French novelist Honoré de Balzac 巴爾扎克|巴尔扎克 |  | 
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|  |  | La Salle (used in the names of schools etc)  / Jean-Baptiste de La Salle (1651-1719), French priest, founder of the Brothers of the Christian Schools  |  | 
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|  |  | technetium (chemistry)  |  | 
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|  |  | Tour de France cycle race  |  | 
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|  |  | Zhu De (1886-1976), communist leader and founder of the People's Liberation Army  |  | 
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|  |  | Portuguese-style egg tart (pastel de nata)  |  | 
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|  |  | Pierre de Fermat (1601–1665), French mathematician  |  | 
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|  |  | Rio de Janeiro  |  | 
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|  |  | De'ang (ethnic group)  |  | 
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|  |  | Guy de Maupassant (1850-1893), French novelist and short story writer  |  | 
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|  |  | refined cream cheese  / fig. crème de la crème  / nirvana  / Buddha nature  / Buddhist truth  / broth  / flawless personal character  |  | 
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|  |  | René Descartes (1596-1650), French philosopher and author of Discours de la méthode 方法論|方法论 |  | 
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|  |  | The Second Sex (book by Simone de Beauvoir)  |  | 
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|  |  | De'an, a county in Jiujiang City 九江市 , Jiangxi  |  | 
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|  |  | Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique  |  | 
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|  |  | to make nuclear-free  / to de-nuclearize  |  | 
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|  |  | blanc de chine (porcelain)  |  | 
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|  |  | Deng Xiaoping (1904-1997), Chinese communist leader, de facto leader of PRC 1978-1990 and creator of "socialism with Chinese characteristics"  |  | 
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|  |  | Sierra de Guadarrama (mountain range across Iberia, passing north of Madrid)  |  | 
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|  |  | Van de Graaff generator  |  | 
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|  |  | Talleyrand (name)  / Prince Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (1754-1838), French diplomat  |  | 
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|  |  | Charles De Gaulle (1890–1970), French general and politician, leader of the Free French during World War II and president of the Republic 1959–1969  |  | 
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|  |  | Rojava (de facto autonomous region in northeastern Syria)  |  | 
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|  |  | common-law marriage; de facto marriage  |  | 
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|  |  | coco de mer or "sea coconut" (Lodoicea maldivica)  |  | 
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|  |  | to de-absorb  / to get a chemical out of solution  |  | 
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|  |  | Strait of Calais in the English channel  / Strait of Dover  / Pas-de-Calais, département of France  |  | 
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|  |  | Robespierre (name)  / Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre (1758-1794), French revolutionary leader, enthusiastic advocate of reign of terror 1791-1794  |  | 
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|  |  | Fiesta de Saint Fermin, festival held annually in Pamplona, Spain  |  | 
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|  |  | Van de Graaff generator  |  | 
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|  |  | Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra (1547–1616), Spanish novelist, poet and playwright, author of Don Quixote 堂吉訶德|堂吉诃德 |  | 
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|  |  | fleur-de-lis (armorial symbol)  |  | 
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|  |  | Stade de France  |  | 
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|  |  | Pierre de Fermat (1601–1665), French mathematician  |  | 
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|  |  | wolf trap (trou de loup), medieval defensive trap consisting of a concealed pit with sharp spikes  |  | 
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|  |  | Parish of Our Lady of Fatima (Macau)  / Freguesia de Nossa Senhora de Fátima  |  | 
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|  |  | (Dominique) de Villepin (French name)  |  | 
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|  |  | St Anthony Parish (Macau)  / Freguesia de Santo António  |  | 
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|  |  | nata de coco (a chewy jelly made from fermented coconut water)  |  | 
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|  |  | Van de Graaff (name)  / Robert J. Van de Graaff (1901-1967), American physicist  |  | 
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|  |  | Sierra de Guadarrama (mountain range across Iberia, passing north of Madrid)  |  | 
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|  |  | consummate skill  / supreme feat  / tour-de-force  / stunt  | HSK 7-9 | 
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|  |  | to obtain (old variant of 得 )  |  | 
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|  |  | (river)  /  old variant of 得 |  | 
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