| | Daoist School of the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), based on the teachings of Laozi or Lao-tze 老子 (c. 500 BC-) and Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子 (369-286 BC) | |
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| | various sages / refers to the classical schools of thought, e.g. Confucianism 儒 represented by Confucius 孔子 and Mencius 孟子, Daoism 道 by Laozi 老子 and Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子, Mohism 墨 by Mozi 墨子, Legalism 法 by Sunzi 孫子｜孙子 and Han Feizi 韓非子｜韩非子, and numerous others | |
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| | same as Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子 (369-286 BC), Daoist author | |
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| | lit. fish sink, goose alights (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子); fig. female beauty captivating even the birds and beasts | |
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| | lit. to breathe out stale air and breathe in fresh (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子); fig. to get rid of the old and bring in the new | |
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| | friendship between gentlemen, insipid as water (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子) | |
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| | lit. catch fish then forget the trap (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子); fig. to take help for granted | |
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| | old name of an unidentified river in Henan Province, mentioned by 莊子｜庄子 | |
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| | nothing sadder than a withered heart (idiom attributed to Confucius by Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子) / no greater sorrow than a heart that never rejoices / the worst sorrow is not as bad as an uncaring heart / nothing is more wretched than apathy | |
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| | steal a hook and they hang you, steal the whole country and they make you a prince (idiom, from Daoist classic Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子) | |
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| | a gentleman's friendship, insipid as water (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子) | |
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| | drumming on a bowl in grief (idiom, refers to Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子 grieving for his lost wife) / fig. grief for a lost wife | |
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| | the mantis stalks the cicada, unaware of the oriole behind (idiom, from Daoist classic Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子); to pursue a narrow gain while neglecting a greater danger | |
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| | can be understood, but not described (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子); mysterious and subtle | |
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| | can be understood, but not described (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子); mysterious and subtle | |
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| | bizarre / paradoxical / a paradox (from Daoist classic Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子) | |
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| | ignorant / doubt stemming from ignorance / (a summer insect has no word for ice, Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子) | |
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| | steal the whole country and they make you a prince, steal a hook and they hang you (idiom, from Daoist classic Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子) | |
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| | Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子 dreams of a butterfly (or is it the butterfly dreaming of Zhuangzi?) | |
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| | the mantis stalks the cicada, unaware of the oriole behind (idiom, from Daoist classic Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子); to pursue a narrow gain while neglecting a greater danger | |
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| | various sages and ten schools of thought / refers to the classical schools of thought, e.g. Confucianism 儒 represented by Confucius 孔子 and Mencius 孟子, Daoism 道 by Laozi 老子 and Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子, Mohism 墨 by Mozi 墨子, Legalism 法 by Sunzi 孫子｜孙子 and Han Feizi 韓非子｜韩非子, and numerous others | |
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| | lit. to drum on a bowl / refers to Zhuangzi 莊子｜庄子 grieving for his lost wife / fig. grief for a lost wife | |
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